Bibliography

Research using CPRD data has informed drug safety guidance and clinical practice and resulted in over 2,800 peer-reviewed publications. The CPRD bibliography is updated on a monthly basis (last updated 5 October 2021) and papers are listed below and in the PDF below.

If you have published papers using CPRD data which are not included in this list, please contact us at enquiries@cprd.com so that we can update the bibliography.

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 (PDF, 4MB, 241 pages) 

This work uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. CPRD encourages researchers to use this citation in all publications using CPRD data. Find out more about acknowledging the use of patient data at the Understanding Patient Data website. 

 

 

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2021
B. Coles, Zaccardi, F., Seidu, S., Gillies, C. L., Davies, M. J., Hvid, C., and Khunti, K., “Rates and estimated cost of primary care consultations in people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and comorbidities: A retrospective analysis of 8.9 million consultations”, Diabetes Obes Metab, 2021.
E. M. Powell, Douglas, I. J., Gungabissoon, U., Smeeth, L., and Wing, K., “Real-world effects of medications for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: protocol for a UK population-based non-interventional cohort study with validation against randomised trial results”, BMJ Open, vol. 11, p. e042947, 2021.
S. W. D. Merriel, Ingle, S. M., May, M. T., and Martin, R. M., “Retrospective cohort study evaluating clinical, biochemical and pharmacological prognostic factors for prostate cancer progression using primary care data”, BMJ Open, vol. 11, p. e044420, 2021.
J. A. Prior, Paskins, Z., Whittle, R., Abdul-Sultan, A., Chew-Graham, C. A., Muller, S., Bajpai, R., Shepherd, T. A., Sumathipala, A., and Mallen, C. D., “Rheumatic Conditions as Risk Factors for Self-Harm: A Retrospective Cohort Study”, Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), vol. 73, pp. 130-137, 2021.
S. Ahmad, Carey, I. M., Harris, T., Cook, D. G., DeWilde, S., and Strachan, D. P., “The rising tide of dementia deaths: triangulation of data from three routine data sources using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink”, BMC Geriatr, vol. 21, p. 375, 2021.
A. Subota, Jetté, N., Josephson, C. B., McMillan, J., Keezer, M. R., Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A., and Holroyd-Leduc, J., “Risk factors for dementia development, frailty, and mortality in older adults with epilepsy - A population-based analysis”, Epilepsy Behav, vol. 120, p. 108006, 2021.
L. van der Sande, Jöbsis, Q., Bannier, M., van de Garde, E. M. W., Coremans, J. J. M., de Vries, F., Dompeling, E., and Driessen, J. H. M., “The risk of community-acquired pneumonia in children using gastric acid suppressants”, Eur Respir J, 2021.
K. J. Smith, Peterson, M. D., Victor, C., and Ryan, J. M., “Risk of dementia in adults with cerebral palsy: a matched cohort study using general practice data”, BMJ Open, vol. 11, p. e042652, 2021.
C. Wallenhorst, Martinez, C., and Freedman, B., “Risk of ischemic stroke in asymptomatic atrial fibrillation incidentally-detected in primary care compared with other clinical presentations”, Thromb Haemost, 2021.
A. M. Mueller, Liakoni, E., Schneider, C., Burkard, T., Jick, S. S., Krahenbuhl, S., Meier, C. R., and Spoendlin, J., “The Risk of Muscular Events Among New Users of Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Statins: an Observational Cohort Study”, J Gen Intern Med, 2021.
R. Schneider, Reinau, D., Stoffel, S., Jick, S. S., Meier, C. R., and Spoendlin, J., “Risk of skin cancer in new users of thiazides and thiazide-like diuretics: a cohort study using an active comparator group”, Br J Dermatol, 2021.
O. Ayodele, Cabral, H. J., McManus, D., and Jick, S., “The Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treated with 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors (5ARIs)”, Clin Epidemiol, vol. 13, pp. 661-673, 2021.
2020
J. Watson, Whiting, P., Salisbury, C., Banks, J., and Hamilton, W., “Raised inflammatory markers as a predictor of one-year mortality: a cohort study in primary care in the UK using electronic health record data”, BMJ Open, vol. 10, p. e036027, 2020.
K. Wing, Williamson, E., Carpenter, J. R., Wise, L., Schneeweiss, S., Smeeth, L., Quint, J. K., and Douglas, I., “Real world effects of COPD medications: a cohort study with validation against RCT results”, Eur Respir J, 2020.
A. Bakhai, Petri, H., Vahidnia, F., Wolf, C., Ding, Y., Foskett, N., and Sculpher, M., “Real-world data on the incidence, mortality, and cost of ischaemic stroke and major bleeding events among non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients in England”, J Eval Clin Pract, 2020.
A. Seesaghur, Petruski-Ivleva, N., Banks, V., Wang, J. R., Mattox, P., Hoeben, E., Maskell, J., Neasham, D., Reynolds, S. L., and Kafatos, G., “Real-world reproducibility study characterizing patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma using Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a UK-based electronic health records database”, Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 2020.
R. Lahoz, Fagan, A., McSharry, M., Proudfoot, C., Corda, S., and Studer, R., “Recurrent heart failure hospitalizations are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure in Clinical Practice Research Datalink”, ESC Heart Fail, 2020.
A. Price, Ford, T., Janssens, A., Williams, A. J., and Newlove-Delgado, T., “Regional analysis of UK primary care prescribing and adult service referrals for young people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder”, BJPsych Open, vol. 6, p. e7, 2020.
G. C. Meier, Watkins, J., McEwan, P., and Pockett, R. D., “Resource use and direct medical costs of acute respiratory illness in the UK based on linked primary and secondary care records from 2001 to 2009”, PLoS One, vol. 15, p. e0236472, 2020.
L. Manikam, Schilder, A. G. M., Lakhanpaul, M., Littlejohns, P., Alexander, E. C., and Hayward, A., “Respiratory tract infection-related healthcare utilisation in children with Down's syndrome”, Infection, vol. 48, pp. 403-410, 2020.
A. K. Wright, Suarez-Ortegon, M. F., Read, S. H., Kontopantelis, E., Buchan, I., Emsley, R., Sattar, N., Ashcroft, D. M., Wild, S. H., and Rutter, M. K., “Risk Factor Control and Cardiovascular Event Risk in People With Type 2 Diabetes in Primary and Secondary Prevention Settings”, Circulation, vol. 142, pp. 1925-1936, 2020.
E. Tafesse, Hurst, M., Hoskin, L., Badora, K., Sugrue, D., Qin, L., James, G., and McEwan, P., “Risk factors associated with the incidence and recurrence of hyperkalaemia in patients with cardiorenal conditions”, Int J Clin Pract, p. e13941, 2020.
A. P. McGovern, Hogg, M., Shields, B. M., Sattar, N. A., Holman, R. R., Pearson, E. R., Hattersley, A. T., Jones, A. G., and Dennis, J. M., “Risk factors for genital infections in people initiating SGLT2 inhibitors and their impact on discontinuation”, BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care, vol. 8, 2020.
C. A. Lawson, Zaccardi, F., Squire, I., Okhai, H., Davies, M., Huang, W., Mamas, M., Lam, C. S. P., Khunti, K., and Kadam, U. T., “Risk Factors for Heart Failure: 20-Year Population-Based Trends by Sex, Socioeconomic Status, and Ethnicity”, Circ Heart Fail, vol. 13, p. e006472, 2020.
D. A. Enoch, Murray-Thomas, T., Adomakoh, N., Dedman, D., Georgopali, A., Francis, N., and Karas, A., “Risk of complications and mortality following recurrent and non-recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: a retrospective, observational, database study in England”, J Hosp Infect, 2020.
J. C. E. Lane, Weaver, J., Kostka, K., Duarte-Salles, T., Abrahao, M. T. F., Alghoul, H., Alser, O., Alshammari, T. M., Areia, C., Biedermann, P., Banda, J. M., Burn, E., Casajust, P., Fišter, K., Hardin, J., Hester, L., Hripcsak, G., Kaas-Hansen, B. S., Khosla, S., Kolovos, S., Lynch, K. E., Makadia, R., Mehta, P. P., Morales, D. R., Morgan-Stewart, H., Mosseveld, M., Newby, D., Nyberg, F., Ostropolets, A., R. Park, W., Prats-Uribe, A., Rao, G. A., Reich, C., Rijnbeek, P., Sena, A. G., Shoaibi, A., Spotnitz, M., Vignesh, S., Suchard, M. A., Vizcaya, D., Wen, H., de Wilde, M., Xie, J., You, S. C., Zhang, L., Lovestone, S., Ryan, P., and Prieto-Alhambra, D., “Risk of depression, suicide and psychosis with hydroxychloroquine treatment for rheumatoid arthritis: a multinational network cohort study”, Rheumatology (Oxford), 2020.
T. Burkard, Rauch, M., Spoendlin, J., Prieto-Alhambra, D., Jick, S. S., and Meier, C. R., “Risk of hand osteoarthritis in new users of hormone replacement therapy: A nested case-control analysis”, Maturitas, vol. 132, pp. 17-23, 2020.
H. Forbes, Douglas, I., Finn, A., Breuer, J., Bhaskaran, K., Smeeth, L., Packer, S., Langan, S. M., Mansfield, K. E., Marlow, R., Whitaker, H., and Warren-Gash, C., “Risk of herpes zoster after exposure to varicella to explore the exogenous boosting hypothesis: self controlled case series study using UK electronic healthcare data”, Bmj, vol. 368, p. l6987, 2020.
Z. Z. N. Yiu, Parisi, R., Lunt, M., Warren, R. B., Griffiths, C. E. M., Langan, S. M., and Ashcroft, D. M., “Risk of Hospitalisation and Death due to Infection in People with Psoriasis: a Population-based Cohort Study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink”, Br J Dermatol, 2020.
J. C. E. Lane, Weaver, J., Kostka, K., Duarte-Salles, T., Abrahao, M. T. F., Alghoul, H., Alser, O., Alshammari, T. M., Biedermann, P., Banda, J. M., Burn, E., Casajust, P., Conover, M. M., Culhane, A. C., Davydov, A., DuVall, S. L., Dymshyts, D., Fernandez-Bertolin, S., Fišter, K., Hardin, J., Hester, L., Hripcsak, G., Kaas-Hansen, B. S., Kent, S., Khosla, S., Kolovos, S., Lambert, C. G., van der Lei, J., Lynch, K. E., Makadia, R., Margulis, A. V., Matheny, M. E., Mehta, P., Morales, D. R., Morgan-Stewart, H., Mosseveld, M., Newby, D., Nyberg, F., Ostropolets, A., Park, R. W., Prats-Uribe, A., Rao, G. A., Reich, C., Reps, J., Rijnbeek, P., Sathappan, S. M. K., Schuemie, M., Seager, S., Sena, A. G., Shoaibi, A., Spotnitz, M., Suchard, M. A., Torre, C. O., Vizcaya, D., Wen, H., de Wilde, M., Xie, J., You, S. C., Zhang, L., Zhuk, O., Ryan, P., and Prieto-Alhambra, D., “Risk of hydroxychloroquine alone and in combination with azithromycin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a multinational, retrospective study”, Lancet Rheumatol, vol. 2, pp. e698-e711, 2020.
Y. Zhang, Souverein, P. C., Gardarsdottir, H., van den Ham, H. A., van der Zee, A. H. Maitlan, and de Boer, A., “Risk of major bleeding among users of direct oral anticoagulants combined with interacting drugs: A population-based nested case-control study”, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2020.
K. H. Thomas, Davies, N. M., Taylor, A. E., Taylor, G. M. J., Gunnell, D., Martin, R. M., and Douglas, I., “Risk of neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular adverse events following treatment with varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink: a case-crossover study”, Addiction, 2020.
I. J. A. de Bruin, Wyers, C. E., Souverein, P. C., van Staa, T. P., Geusens, P., van den Bergh, J. P. W., de Vries, F., and Driessen, J. H. M., “The risk of new fragility fractures in patients with chronic kidney disease and hip fracture-a population-based cohort study in the UK”, Osteoporos Int, 2020.
R. Charlton, Green, A., Shaddick, G., Snowball, J., Nightingale, A., Tillett, W., Smith, C., and McHugh, N., “Risk of osteoarthritis in an incident cohort of people with psoriatic arthritis: a population-based cohort study”, J Rheumatol, 2020.
C. V. Chalitsios, Shaw, D. E., and McKeever, T. M., “Risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in asthma due to oral and inhaled corticosteroids: two population-based nested case-control studies”, Thorax, 2020.
T. A. Althunian, de Boer, A., Groenwold, R. H. H., Rengerink, K. O., Souverein, P. C., and Klungel, O. H., “Rivaroxaban was found to be noninferior to warfarin in routine clinical care: A retrospective noninferiority cohort replication study”, Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 2020.
2019
A. Gayle, Tebboth, A., Pang, M., Guelfucci, F., Argoubi, R., Sherman, S., and Mak, V., “Real-life prescribing of asthmatic treatments in UK general practice over time using 2014 BTS/SIGN steps”, NPJ Prim Care Respir Med, vol. 29, p. 25, 2019.
C. Linde, Bakhai, A., Furuland, H., Evans, M., McEwan, P., Ayoubkhani, D., and Qin, L., “Real-World Associations of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitor Dose, Hyperkalemia, and Adverse Clinical Outcomes in a Cohort of Patients With New-Onset Chronic Kidney Disease or Heart Failure in the United Kingdom”, J Am Heart Assoc, vol. 8, p. e012655, 2019.
E. A. Shephard, Parkinson, M. A., and Hamilton, W. T., “Recognising laryngeal cancer in primary care: a large case-control study using electronic records”, Br J Gen Pract, vol. 69, pp. e127-e133, 2019.
X. Sun and Gulliford, M. C., “Reducing antibiotic prescribing in primary care in England from 2014 to 2017: population-based cohort study”, BMJ Open, vol. 9, p. e023989, 2019.
A. Rao, Kim, D., Darzi, A., Majeed, A., Aylin, P., and Bottle, A., “Regional variations in trajectories of long-term readmission rates among patients in England with heart failure”, BMC Cardiovasc Disord, vol. 19, p. 86, 2019.
Y. Li, Molter, A., White, A., Welfare, W., Palin, V., Belmonte, M., Ashcroft, D. M., Sperrin, M., and van Staa, T. P., “Relationship between prescribing of antibiotics and other medicines in primary care: a cross-sectional study”, Br J Gen Pract, vol. 69, pp. e42-e51, 2019.
S. V. Ramagopalan, Stamp, E., Sammon, C. J., Besford, M., Carroll, R., Mehmud, F., and Alikhan, R., “Renal function and oral anticoagulant treatment of incident non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a retrospective study”, Future Cardiol, 2019.
S. Weir, Kuo, T. C., Samnaliev, M., Tierney, T. S., Manca, A., Taylor, R. S., Bruce, J., Eldabe, S., and Cumming, D., “Reoperation following lumbar spinal surgery: costs and outcomes in a UK population cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and Hospital Episode Statistics (HES)”, Eur Spine J, 2019.
T. Newlove-Delgado, Ford, T. J., Hamilton, W., Janssens, A., Stein, K., and Ukoumunne, O. C., “Resumption of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medication in early adulthood: findings from a UK primary care prescribing study”, Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2019.
A. Uijl, Koudstaal, S., Direk, K., Denaxas, S., Groenwold, R. H. H., Banerjee, A., Hoes, A. W., Hemingway, H., and Asselbergs, F. W., “Risk factors for incident heart failure in age- and sex-specific strata: a population-based cohort using linked electronic health records”, Eur J Heart Fail, 2019.
J. Bedson, Chen, Y., Ashworth, J., Hayward, R. A., Dunn, K. M., and Jordan, K. P., “Risk of adverse events in patients prescribed long-term opioids: A cohort study in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink”, Eur J Pain, 2019.
S. E. Bromley, Matthews, A., Smeeth, L., Stanway, S., and Bhaskaran, K., “Risk of dementia among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors treated with aromatase inhibitors versus tamoxifen: a cohort study using primary care data from the UK”, J Cancer Surviv, vol. 13, pp. 632-640, 2019.
K. J. Smith, Peterson, M. D., O'Connell, N. E., Victor, C., Liverani, S., Anokye, N., and Ryan, J. M., “Risk of Depression and Anxiety in Adults With Cerebral Palsy”, JAMA Neurol, vol. 76, pp. 294-300, 2019.
J. B. Wetmore, Yan, H., Horne, L., Peng, Y., and Gilbertson, D. T., “Risk of hyperkalemia from renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and factors associated with treatment discontinuities in a real-world population”, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2019.
[Page last reviewed 5 October 2021]