Bibliography

Research using CPRD data has informed drug safety guidance and clinical practice and resulted in over 3,500 peer-reviewed publications. The CPRD bibliography listed below is updated on a monthly basis (last updated 16 June 2025).

If you have published papers using CPRD data which are not included in this list, please contact us at enquiries@cprd.com so that we can update the bibliography.

Download: CPRD bibliography PDF June 2025 (PDF, 5MB, 340 pages) 

You can also export this list in BibTeX, EndNote, or other formats.  

This work uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. CPRD encourages researchers to use this citation in all publications using CPRD data. Find out more about acknowledging the use of patient data at the Understanding Patient Data website

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Year Sort ascending Title
2024

Potential interactions between direct oral anticoagulants and atorvastatin/simvastatin: cohort and case-crossover study

10.3399/bjgp.2024.0349

Authors: A . Y. Wong, C. Warren-Gash, K. Bhaskaran, C. Leyrat, A. Banerjee, L. Smeeth, I. Douglas

2024

The effect of comorbidities on diagnostic interval for lung cancer in England: a cohort study using electronic health record data

10.1038/s41416-024-02824-2

Authors: I. Rogers, M. Cooper, A. Memon, L. Forbes, H. van Marwijk, E. Ford

2024

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospital Admission Rates and Patients' Characteristics Before the Age of 2 Years in England, 2015-2019

10.1097/inf.0000000000004467

Authors: M. Fonseca, S. Hagenaars, M. Bangert, C. Flach, R. Hudson

2024

Temporal trends and practice variation of paediatric diagnostic tests in primary care: retrospective analysis of 14 million tests

10.1136/fmch-2024-002991

Authors: E. Thomas, D. Withrow, C. Drakesmith, P. Gill, R. Perera-Salazar, C. Heneghan

2024

Patient pathways for four major chronic respiratory diseases in England between 2008 and 2021

10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002273

Authors: A. Ioannides, A. Morgan, J. Quint

2024

Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in adults with common immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in the UK: a case-control study

10.1016/s2665-9913(24)00128-0

Authors: G. Nakafero, M. Grainge, T. Card, C. Mallen, J. Van-Tam, A. Abhishek

2024

Clinical Burden and Health Care Resource Utilization Associated With Managing Sickle Cell Disease With Recurrent Vaso-occlusive Crises in England

10.1016/j.clinthera.2024.09.023

Authors: C. Udeze, N. Ly, F. Ingleby, S. Fleming, S. Conner, J. Howard, N. Li, F. Shah

2024

Dependent censoring bias assessment using inverse probability of censoring weights: Type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in patients initiating bisoprolol versus other antihypertensives in a Clinical Practice Research Datalink cohort study

10.57264/cer-2023-0027

Authors: A. Pinon, A. Allignol, T. Hohenberger, C. Foch, E. Boutmy, U. Hostalek

2024

Cohort studies on 71 outcomes among people with atopic eczema in UK primary care data

10.1038/s41467-024-54035-1

Authors: J. Matthewman, A. Schultze, H. Strongman, K. Bhaskaran, A. Roberts, S. Denaxas, K. Mansfield, S. Langan

2024

Association of intra-articular injection and knee arthroscopy prior to primary knee replacement with the timing and outcomes of surgery: Retrospective cohort study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD database

10.1371/journal.pone.0311947

Authors: M. Strang, J. Broomfield, M. Whitehouse, S. Kunutsor, S. Glyn-Jones, A. Delmestri, A. Blom, A. Judge

2024

Evaluating the quality of prostate cancer diagnosis recording in CPRD GOLD and CPRD Aurum primary care databases for observational research: A study using linked English electronic health records

10.1016/j.canep.2024.102715

Authors: G. Somathilake, E. Ford, J. Armes, S. Moschoyiannis, M. Collins, P. Francsics, A. Lemanska

2024

What happens between first symptoms and first acute exacerbation of COPD - observational study of routine data and patient survey

10.3310/cgtr6370

Authors: A. Bottle, A. Adamson, X. Zhang, B. Hayhoe, Quint J

2024

Age and sex specific thresholds for risk stratification of cardiovascular disease and clinical decision making: prospective open cohort study

10.1136/bmjmed-2023-000633

Authors: Z. Xu, J. Usher-Smith, L. Pennells, R. Chung, M. Arnold, L. Kim, S. Kaptoge, M. Sperrin, E. Di Angelantonio, A. Wood

2024

Identifying and Predicting Risk for Hospital Admission among Patients with Parkinsonism

10.1002/mdc3.14257

Authors: E. Tenison, A. McGrogan, Y. Ben-Shlomo, E. Henderson

2024

Long-term trends in English general practice consultation rates from 1995 to 2021: a retrospective analysis of two electronic health records databases

10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088845

Authors: S. Wyatt, M. Mohammed, L. de Dumast, T. Marshall

2024

Prioritising primary care patients with unexpected weight loss for cancer investigation: diagnostic accuracy study (update)

10.1136/bmj-2024-080199

Authors: B. Nicholson, P. Virdee, P. Aveyard, S. Price, F. Hobbs, C. Koshiaris, W. Hamilton

2024

Heart failure and major haemorrhage in people with atrial fibrillation

10.1136/openhrt-2024-002975

Authors: N. Jones, M. Smith, S. Lay-Flurrie, Y. Yang, F. Hobbs, C. Taylor

2024

Risk of dementia associated with anticholinergic drugs for overactive bladder in adults aged ≥55 years: nested case-control study

10.1136/bmjmed-2023-000799

Authors: B. Iyen, C. Coupland, B. Bell, D. Ashcroft, M. Orrell, D. Bishara, T. Dening, A. Avery

2024

Opportunities and challenges for identifying undiagnosed Rare Disease patients through analysis of primary care records: long QT syndrome as a test case

10.1007/s12687-024-00742-7

Authors: W. Evans, R. Akyea, A. Simms, J. Kai, N. Qureshi

2024

Factors associated with long-term opioid use among patients with axial spondyloarthritis or psoriatic arthritis who initiated opioids

10.1093/rheumatology/keae444

Authors: Y. Huang, D. Jenkins, B. Yimer, M. Jani

2024

Trends in cardiovascular disease incidence among 22 million people in the UK over 20 years: population based study

10.1136/bmj-2023-078523

Authors: N. Conrad, G. Molenberghs, G. Verbeke, F. Zaccardi, C. Lawson, J. Friday, H. Su, P. Jhund, N. Sattar, K. Rahimi, J. Cleland, K. Khunti, W. Budts, J. McMurray

2024

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and the Risk of Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disease Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study

10.1007/s40264-024-01434-4

Authors: S. Shapiro, H. Yin, O. H. Y. Yu, L. Azoulay

2024

Urate-lowering therapy in patients with hyperuricemia and heart failure: A retrospective cohort study using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1002/clc.24297

Authors: S. Kiddle, K. Sundell, S. Perl, S. Nolan, M. Bjursell

2024

Comparing the performance of two-stage residual inclusion methods when using physician's prescribing preference as an instrumental variable: unmeasured confounding and noncollapsibility

10.57264/cer-2023-0085

Authors: L. Zhang, J. Lewsey

2024

Collateral effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on endocrine treatments for breast and prostate cancer in the UK: a cohort study

10.1177/17588359241253115

Authors: N. Barclay, M. Català, A. Jödicke, D. Prieto-Alhambra, D. Newby, A. Delmestri, W . Y. Man, Serrano À, M. Moncusí

2024

Incidence, prevalence and mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in England from 2008 to 2018: a cohort study

10.1136/thorax-2023-220887

Authors: R. Gupta, A. Morgan, P. George, J. Quint

2024

Use of cholesterol-lowering medications in relation to risk of primary liver cancer in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1002/cncr.35436

Authors: S. Zamani, B. Graubard, M. Hyer, E. Carver, J. Petrick, K. McGlynn

2024

Using Routinely Collected Electronic Healthcare Record Data to Investigate Fibrotic Multimorbidity in England

10.2147/clep.s463499

Authors: G. Massen, H. Whittaker, S. Cook, G. Jenkins, R. Allen, L. Wain, I. Stewart, J. Quint

2024

Predicting type 1 diabetes in children using electronic health records in primary care in the UK: development and validation of a machine-learning algorithm

10.1016/s2589-7500(24)00050-5

Authors: R. Daniel, H. Jones, J. Gregory, A. Shetty, N. Francis, S. Paranjothy, J. Townson

2024

"Application of five different strategies to define a cohort of patients with knee osteoarthritis in a large primary care database"

10.1111/jep.14045

Authors: A. Taqi, S. Gran, R. Knaggs

2024

Potential interactions between medications for rate control and direct oral anticoagulants: population-based cohort and case-crossover study

10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.06.033

Authors: A . Y. Wong, C. Warren-Gash, K. Bhaskaran, C. Leyrat, A. Banerjee, L. Smeeth, I. Douglas

2024

Underlying disease risk among fatigued patients: a population-based cohort study in primary care

10.3399/bjgp.2024.0093

Authors: B. White, N. Zakkak, C. Renzi, M. Rafiq, A. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, S. Denaxas, B. Nicholson, G. Lyratzopoulos, M. Barclay

2024

Changes in the incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus between 1990 and 2020: an observational study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)

10.1136/lupus-2024-001213

Authors: J. Ellis, N. McHugh, J. Pauling, I. Bruce, R. Charlton, A. McGrogan, S. Skeoch

2024

Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in adults with common immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in the UK: a case-control study

10.1016/s2665-9913(24)00128-0

Authors: G. Nakafero, M. Grainge, T. Card, C. Mallen, J. Van-Tam, A. Abhishek

2024

Glucosamine and cancer incidence in osteoarthritis: A prevalent new-user cohort design

10.1002/acr.25399

Authors: K. Suissa, S. Dell'Aniello, E. Comin, M. Hudson, S. Suissa

2024

Comparison of oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation using the UK clinical practice research Datalink Aurum: A reference trial (ARISTOTLE) emulation study

10.1371/journal.pmed.1004377

Authors: E. Powell, U. Gungabissoon, J. Tazare, L. Smeeth, P. Baptiste, T. Bin Hammad, A. Wong, I. Douglas, K. Wing

2024

Use of heart failure medical therapy before and after a cancer diagnosis: A longitudinal study

10.1002/ehf2.14981

Authors: C. Ju, W. C. Y. Lau, C. Manisty, P. Chambers, R. Brauer, M. Forster, I. Mackenzie, L. Wei

2024

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospital Admission Rates and Patients' Characteristics Before the Age of 2 Years in England, 2015-2019

10.1097/inf.0000000000004467

Authors: M. Fonseca, S. Hagenaars, M. Bangert, C. Flach, R. Hudson

2024

Incidence, antimicrobial prescribing practice and associated healthcare costs of paediatric otorrhoea in primary care in the UK: A longitudinal population study

10.3399/bjgp.2024.0053

Authors: E. Heward, E. Domzaridou, S. Gavan, M. Carr, J. Lunn, J. Molloy, R. Isba, A. Hay, J. Nichani, I. Bruce, D. Ashcroft

2024

Levothyroxine Treatment of Subclinical Hypothyroidism and the Risk of Adverse Cardiovascular Events

10.1089/thy.2024.0227

Authors: O. H. Y. Yu, C. Filliter, K. Filion, R. Platt, R. Grad, C. Renoux

2024

External validation of a prognostic model to improve prediction of psychosis in primary care

10.3399/bjgp.2024.0017

Authors: S. Sullivan, D. Kounali, P. Lilford, R. Morris, D. Kessler, W. Hamilton, G. Lewis, I. Nazareth

2024

Impact of moderate-to-high-suicide-intent in major depressive disorder: a retrospective cohort study on patient characteristics and healthcare resource utilisation in England

10.1186/s12888-024-05961-3

Authors: T. Denee, C. Kerr, S. Richards, N. Dennis, A. Foix-Colonier, C. Fischer, F. Larkin

2024

Prevalence, risk factors and characterisation of individuals with long COVID using Electronic Health Records in over 1.5 million COVID cases in England

10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106235

Authors: H. Wang, T. Doran, M. Crooks, K. Khunti, M. Heightman, A. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, Qummer Arfeen, A. Loveless, A. Banerjee, C. Van Der Feltz-Cornelis

2024

The incidence of lung cancer amongst primary care chest radiograph referrals; an evaluation of national and local datasets within the UK

10.1093/bjr/tqae142

Authors: B. Bhartia, D. Baldwin, S. Bradley, M. Callister, I. Das, M. Evison, S. Grundy, J. Kaur, M. Kennedy, E. O'Dowd

2024

The association of type 2 diabetes-related characteristics with fracture risk at different sites

10.1111/dom.15884

Authors: V. van Hulten, P. Souverein, J. Starup-Linde, R. Viggers, O. Klungel, P. Vestergaard, Mcjg Brouwers, J. van den Bergh, J. Driessen

2024

Association of Dose of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Frequency of Adverse Events

10.1164/rccm.202402-0368OC

Authors: C. Bloom, F. Yang, R. Hubbard, A. Majeed, J. Wedzicha

2024

Excess health care use is significantly and persistently reduced following diagnosis of late-onset epilepsy

10.1111/epi.18105

Authors: M. Berglund, A. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, S. Denaxas, B. Lethebe, T. Sajobi, J. Engbers, S. Wiebe, C. Josephson

2024

Going beyond randomised controlled trials to assess treatment effect heterogeneity across target populations

10.1002/hec.4903

Authors: D. Lugo-Palacios, P. Bidulka, S. O'Neill, O. Carroll, A. Basu, A. Adler, K. DíazOrdaz, A. Briggs, R. Grieve

2024

Impact of co-resident health and living alone on risk of hospital admission for people with Parkinson's disease

10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.107084

Authors: C. Brack, E. Tenison, E. Henderson, S. Makin, Y. Ben-Shlomo

2024

Risk of unintended consequences from lower antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections in primary care

10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106255

Authors: J. Stimson, T. McKeever, E. Agnew, W. Lim, S. Royal, P. Myles, S. Evans, J. Robotham