Bibliography

Research using CPRD data has informed drug safety guidance and clinical practice and resulted in over 3,500 peer-reviewed publications. The CPRD bibliography listed below is updated on a monthly basis (last updated 3 April 2025).

If you have published papers using CPRD data which are not included in this list, please contact us at enquiries@cprd.com so that we can update the bibliography.

Download: CPRD bibliography PDF April 2025 (PDF, 4.5MB, 338 pages) 

You can also export this list in BibTeX, EndNote, or other formats.  

This work uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. CPRD encourages researchers to use this citation in all publications using CPRD data. Find out more about acknowledging the use of patient data at the Understanding Patient Data website

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Year Sort ascending Title
2024

"Application of five different strategies to define a cohort of patients with knee osteoarthritis in a large primary care database"

10.1111/jep.14045

Authors: A. Taqi, S. Gran, R. Knaggs

2024

Predicting type 1 diabetes in children using electronic health records in primary care in the UK: development and validation of a machine-learning algorithm

10.1016/s2589-7500(24)00050-5

Authors: R. Daniel, H. Jones, J. Gregory, A. Shetty, N. Francis, S. Paranjothy, J. Townson

2024

Trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality by BMI levels in England, 2004-2019: a population-based primary care records study

10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100986

Authors: M. Sophiea, F. Zaccardi, Y. Cheng, E. Vamos, N. Holman, E. Gregg

2024

Association between patient ethnicity and prostate cancer diagnosis following a prostate-specific antigen test: a cohort study of 730,000 men in primary care in the UK

10.1186/s12916-024-03283-5

Authors: L. Down, M. Barlow, S. Bailey, L. Mounce, S. Merriel, J. Watson, T. Martins

2024

Prevalence, risk factors and characterisation of individuals with long COVID using Electronic Health Records in over 1.5 million COVID cases in England

10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106235

Authors: H. Wang, T. Doran, M. Crooks, K. Khunti, M. Heightman, A. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, Qummer Arfeen, A. Loveless, A. Banerjee, C. Van Der Feltz-Cornelis

2024

Incidence, antimicrobial prescribing practice and associated healthcare costs of paediatric otorrhoea in primary care in the UK: A longitudinal population study

10.3399/bjgp.2024.0053

Authors: E. Heward, E. Domzaridou, S. Gavan, M. Carr, J. Lunn, J. Molloy, R. Isba, A. Hay, J. Nichani, I. Bruce, D. Ashcroft

2024

UK Electronic Healthcare Records for Research: A Scientometric Analysis of Respiratory, Cardiovascular, and COVID-19 Publications

10.2147/por.s469973

Authors: G. Massen, O. Blamires, M. Grainger, M. Matta, R. Twumasi, T. Joshi, A. Laity, E. Nakariakova, T. Thavaranjan, A. Sheikh, J. Quint

2024

Weight Management with Orlistat in Type 2 Diabetes - An Electronic Healthcare Records Study

10.3399/bjgp.2023.0684

Authors: S. Ghosal, N. Heron, K. Mason, J. Bailey, K. Jordan

2024

Hyperkalemia Burden and Treatment Pathways in Patients with CKD: Findings From the DISCOVER CKD Retrospective Cohort

10.34067/kid.0000000000000468

Authors: S. Fishbane, J. Carrero, S. Kumar, E. Kanda, K. Hedman, R. Ofori-Asenso, N. Kashihara, M. Kosiborod, M. Lainscak, C. Pollock, P. Stenvinkel, D. Wheeler, R. Pecoits-Filho

2024

Use of cholesterol-lowering medications in relation to risk of primary liver cancer in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1002/cncr.35436

Authors: S. Zamani, B. Graubard, M. Hyer, E. Carver, J. Petrick, K. McGlynn

2024

Effect of combination treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on incidence of cardiovascular and serious renal events: population based cohort study

10.1136/bmj-2023-078242

Authors: N. Simms-Williams, N. Treves, H. Yin, S. Lu, O. Yu, R. Pradhan, C. Renoux, S. Suissa, L. Azoulay

2024

Comparison of oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation using the UK clinical practice research Datalink Aurum: A reference trial (ARISTOTLE) emulation study

10.1371/journal.pmed.1004377

Authors: E. Powell, U. Gungabissoon, J. Tazare, L. Smeeth, P. Baptiste, T. Bin Hammad, A. Wong, I. Douglas, K. Wing

2024

Association of Dose of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Frequency of Adverse Events

10.1164/rccm.202402-0368OC

Authors: C. Bloom, F. Yang, R. Hubbard, A. Majeed, J. Wedzicha

2024

Foundational model aided automatic high-throughput drug screening using self-controlled cohort study

10.1101/2024.08.04.24311480

Authors: S. Xu, R. Cobzaru, S. Finkelstein, R. Welsch, K. Ng, L. Middleton

2024

Recurrent cardiovascular and limb events in 294,428 patients with coronary or peripheral artery disease or ischemic stroke on antiplatelet monotherapy: The RESRISK cohort study

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.118589

Authors: A. Vallejo-Vaz, K. Dharmayat, N. Nzeakor, C. Carrasco, S. Fatoba, M. Fonseca, E. Tolani, C. Lee, K. Ray

2024

Healthcare utilisation and associated costs for methadone versus buprenorphine recipients: Examination of interlinked primary and secondary care electronic health records in England

10.1111/dar.13933

Authors: E. Domzaridou, T. Allen, M. Carr, T. Millar, R. Webb, D. Ashcroft

2024

Age and sex specific thresholds for risk stratification of cardiovascular disease and clinical decision making: prospective open cohort study

10.1136/bmjmed-2023-000633

Authors: Z. Xu, J. Usher-Smith, L. Pennells, R. Chung, M. Arnold, L. Kim, S. Kaptoge, M. Sperrin, E. Di Angelantonio, A. Wood

2024

Patterns and trends of medicinal poisoning substances: a population-based cohort study of injuries in 0-11 year old children from 1998-2018

10.1186/s13690-024-01268-7

Authors: E. Tyrrell, E. Orton, L. Tata, D. Kendrick

2024

The Clinical and Economic Burden of Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Patients With Varicella Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of Real-World Data in England

10.1093/infdis/jiad420

Authors: S. Kujawski, V. Banks, C. Casey, S. Drysdale, A. Patel, O. Massey, T. Holbrook, M. Pawaskar

2024

Large language model aided automatic high-throughput drug screening using self-controlled cohort study

10.1101/2024.08.04.24311480

Authors: S. Xu, S. Finkelstein, R. Welsch, K. Ng, I. Tzoulaki, L. Middleton

2024

How common are side effects of treatment to prevent gout flares when starting allopurinol?

10.1136/bmj.q514

Authors: H. Saul, B. Deeney, L. Swaithes, E. Roddy

2024

Multiple adverse outcomes associated with antipsychotic use in people with dementia: population based matched cohort study

10.1136/bmj-2023-076268

Authors: P. Mok, M. Carr, B. Guthrie, D. Morales, A. Sheikh, R. Elliott, E. Camacho, T. Van Staa, A. Avery, D. Ashcroft

2024

Impact of moderate-to-high-suicide-intent in major depressive disorder: a retrospective cohort study on patient characteristics and healthcare resource utilisation in England

10.1186/s12888-024-05961-3

Authors: T. Denee, C. Kerr, S. Richards, N. Dennis, A. Foix-Colonier, C. Fischer, F. Larkin

2024

Dicloxacillin is an inducer of intestinal P-glycoprotein but neither dicloxacillin nor flucloxacillin increases the risk of stroke/systemic embolism in direct oral anticoagulant users

10.1111/bcp.16190

Authors: D. Iversen, A. Dunvald, M. Ernst, S. Abtahi, P. Souverein, O. Klungel, G. Jeppesen, F. Nielsen, K. Brøsen, H. Hammer, O. Pötz, P. Damkier, E. Järvinen, A. Pottegard, T. Stage

2024

Factors associated with long-term opioid use among patients with axial spondyloarthritis or psoriatic arthritis who initiated opioids

10.1093/rheumatology/keae444

Authors: Y. Huang, D. Jenkins, B. Yimer, M. Jani

2024

Risk of bleeding amongst warfarin and direct oral anticoagulant users prescribed immediate antibiotics for respiratory tract infection: Cohort study

10.1002/pds.5794

Authors: H. Ahmed, N. Reeve, D. Farewell, F. Hamilton, M. Ponsford, J. Hippisley-Cox, S. Noble

2024

First-trimester use of antiseizure medications and the risk of miscarriage: a population-based cohort study

10.1136/jnnp-2023-333149

Authors: H. Forbes, P. Madley-Dowd, V. Ahlqvist, J. Campbell, N. Davies, R. Liebling, K. Lyall, C. Newschaffer, J. Rast, T. Tomson, C. Zhong, C. Magnusson, D. Rai, B. Lee

2024

Prevalence, incidence, mortality, and healthcare resource use for generalised pustular psoriasis, palmoplantar pustulosis, and plaque psoriasis in England: a population-based cohort study

10.1093/bjd/ljae217

Authors: M. Frysz, S. Patel, M. O. Y. Li, C. Griffiths, R. Warren, D. Ashcroft

2023

Bariatric Surgery and Incident Heart Failure: a Propensity Score Matched Nationwide Cohort Study

10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.01.086

Authors: L. Kostanjsek, M. Ardissino, O. Moussa, B. Rayes, R. Amin, P. Collins, S. Purkayastha

2023

Treatment Patterns, Healthcare Utilization and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Initiating Single-Inhaler Long-Acting β(2)-Agonist/Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist Dual Therapy in Primary Care in England

10.2147/copd.s389281

Authors: G. Requena, V. Banks, A. Czira, R. Wood, T. Tritton, R. Wild, C. Compton, A. Ismaila

2023

Sodium channel-inhibiting drugs and cancer-specific survival: a population-based study of electronic primary care data

10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064376

Authors: C. Fairhurst, F. Martin, I. Watt, M. Bland, T. Doran, W. Brackenbury

2023

Migraine and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A population-based cohort study

10.1177/03331024231161746

Authors: H. Crowe, A. Wesselink, E. Hatch, L. Wise, S. Jick

2023

Determining cardiovascular risk in patients with unattributed chest pain in UK primary care: an electronic health record study

10.1093/eurjpc/zwad055

Authors: K. Jordan, T. Rathod-Mistry, D. van der Windt, J. Bailey, Y. Chen, L. Clarson, S. Denaxas, R. Hayward, H. Hemingway, T. Kyriacou, M. Mamas

2023

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on incidence of tics in children and young people: a population-based cohort study

10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101857

Authors: R. Jack, R. Joseph, C. Coupland, C. Hall, C. Hollis

2023

Is vaccination against COVID-19 associated with psoriasis or eczema flare? Self-controlled case series analysis using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (Aurum)

10.1093/bjd/ljac061

Authors: L. Adams, G. Nakafero, M. Grainge, T. Card, C. Mallen, J. Van-Tam, H. Williams, A. Abhishek

2023

Is Vaccination Against COVID-19 Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flare? Self-Controlled Case Series Analysis Using the UK CPRD

10.14309/ajg.0000000000002205

Authors: T. Card, G. Nakafero, M. Grainge, C. Mallen, J. Van-Tam, H. Williams, A. Abhishek

2023

A retrospective study of risk factors, causative micro-organisms and healthcare resources consumption associated with prosthetic joint infections (PJI) using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum database

10.1371/journal.pone.0282709

Authors: S. Perni, B. Bojan, P. Prokopovich

2023

Completeness, agreement, and representativeness of ethnicity recording in the United Kingdom's Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and linked Hospital Episode Statistics (HES)

10.1186/s12963-023-00302-0

Authors: S. Shiekh, M. Harley, R. Ghosh, M. Ashworth, P. Myles, H. Booth, E. Axson

2023

Combinations of medicines in patients with polypharmacy aged 65-100 in primary care: Large variability in risks of adverse drug related and emergency hospital admissions

10.1371/journal.pone.0281466

Authors: A. Fahmi, D. Wong, L. Walker, I. Buchan, M. Pirmohamed, A. Sharma, H. Cant, D. Ashcroft, T. van Staa

2023

Referral to the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme and conversion from nondiabetic hyperglycaemia to type 2 diabetes mellitus in England: A matched cohort analysis

10.1371/journal.pmed.1004177

Authors: R. Ravindrarajah, M. Sutton, D. Reeves, S. Cotterill, E. McManus, R. Meacock, W. Whittaker, C. Soiland-Reyes, S. Heller, P. Bower, E. Kontopantelis

2023

Osteoporosis-related characteristics in care home population of England: a retrospective cohort study

10.3399/bjgpo.2022.0142

Authors: V. Gerasimaviciute, R. Mathur, K. Mansfield, M. McDermott, D. Neasham, J. O'Kelly

2023

Identifying subtypes of chronic kidney disease with machine learning: development, internal validation and prognostic validation using linked electronic health records in 350,067 individuals

10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104489

Authors: A. Dashtban, M. Mizani, L. Pasea, S. Denaxas, R. Corbett, J. Mamza, H. Gao, T. Morris, H. Hemingway, A. Banerjee

2023

Musculoskeletal pain and its impact on prognosis following acute coronary syndrome or stroke: A linked electronic health record cohort study

https://doi.org/10.1002/msc.1748

Authors: K. Mason, K. Jordan, N. Heron, J. Edwards, J. Bailey, F. Achana, Y. Chen, M. Frisher, A. Huntley, C. Mallen, M. Mamas, M. Png, S. Tatton, S. White, M. Marshall

2023

Healthcare costs associated with short-acting β(2)-agonists in asthma: observational UK SABINA study

10.3399/bjgpo.2023.0015

Authors: D. Attar-Zadeh, T. Capstick, D. Leese, S. Arnetorp, E. Rapsomaniki, K. Da Costa, E. Maslova, Y. Xu, D. Gibson, J. Quint

2023

Ethnic differences in hypertension management, medication use and blood pressure control in UK primary care, 2006-2019: a retrospective cohort study

10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100557

Authors: S. Eastwood, A. Hughes, L. Tomlinson, R. Mathur, L. Smeeth, K. Bhaskaran, N. Chaturvedi

2023

Association between outpatient follow-up and incidence of revision after knee and hip replacements: a population-based cohort study

10.1186/s12891-023-06190-7

Authors: R. Pinedo-Villanueva, S. Kolovos, E. Burn, A. Delmestri, L. Smith, A. Judge, S. Kingsbury, M. Stone, P. Conaghan

2023

Prescribing of Low-dose Rivaroxaban in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands

10.1111/bcp.15708

Authors: N. Hunt, R. Pajouheshnia, A. Salih, S. van Doorn, P. Souverein, M. Bazelier, O. Klungel, H. Gardarsdottir

2023

Twenty-year trajectories of cardio-metabolic factors among people with type 2 diabetes by dementia status in England: a retrospective cohort study

10.1007/s10654-023-00977-7

Authors: H. Lai, K. Chang, M. Sharabiani, J. Valabhji, E. Gregg, L. Middleton, A. Majeed, J. Pearson-Stuttard, C. Millett, A. Bottle, E. Vamos

2023

Analgesic utilization in people with knee osteoarthritis: A population-based study using primary care data

10.1111/papr.13212

Authors: A. Taqi, S. Gran, R. Knaggs

2023

Combined and progestagen-only hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer risk: A UK nested case-control study and meta-analysis

10.1371/journal.pmed.1004188

Authors: D. Fitzpatrick, K. Pirie, G. Reeves, J. Green, V. Beral