Bibliography

Research using CPRD data has informed drug safety guidance and clinical practice and resulted in over 3,500 peer-reviewed publications. The CPRD bibliography listed below is updated on a monthly basis (last updated 8 May 2024).

If you have published papers using CPRD data which are not included in this list, please contact us at enquiries@cprd.com so that we can update the bibliography.

Download: CPRD bibliography PDF March 2024 (PDF, 4.2MB, 313 pages) 

This work uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. CPRD encourages researchers to use this citation in all publications using CPRD data. Find out more about acknowledging the use of patient data at the Understanding Patient Data website

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Year Title Sort ascending
2013

Impact of deprivation on occurrence, outcomes and health care costs of people with multiple morbidity

10.1177/1355819613493772

Authors: J. Charlton, C. Rudisill, N. Bhattarai, M. Gulliford

2021

Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on diabetes health checks and prescribing for people with type 2 diabetes: a UK-wide cohort study involving 618 161 people in primary care

10.1136/bmjqs-2021-013613

Authors: M. Carr, A. Wright, L. Leelarathna, H. Thabit, N. Milne, N. Kanumilli, D. Ashcroft, M. Rutter

2022

Impact of covid-19 on primary care contacts with children and young people aged 0-24 years in England; longitudinal trends study 2015-2020

10.3399/BJGP.2021.0643

Authors: K. Foley, E Maile, A. Bottle, F. Neale, R. Viner, S. Kenny, A. Majeed, D. Hargreaves, S. Saxena

2013

Impact of clinical trial findings on Bell\textquoterights palsy management in general practice in the UK 2001-2012: interrupted time series regression analysis

10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003121

Authors: D. Morales, P. Donnan, F. Daly, T. Staa, F. Sullivan

2020

Impact of CKD Progression on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in a Contemporary UK Cohort of Individuals With Diabetes

10.1016/j.ekir.2020.07.029

Authors: C. Cabrera, A. Lee, M. Olsson, V. Schnecke, K. Westman, M. Lind, P. Greasley, S. Skrtic

2020

Impact of Changes to National Hypertension Guidelines on Hypertension Management and Outcomes in the United Kingdom

10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13926

Authors: S. Lay-Flurrie, J. Sheppard, R. Stevens, C. Mallen, C. Heneghan, F. Hobbs, B. Williams, J. Mant, R. McManus

2021

Impact of changes to national guidelines on hypertension-related workload: an interrupted time series analysis in English primary care

10.3399/bjgp21X714281

Authors: S. Lay-Flurrie, J. Sheppard, R. Stevens, C. Mallen, C. Heneghan, F. Hobbs, B. Williams, J. Mant, R. McManus

2019

Impact of Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Comorbidities on Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

10.1159/000504558

Authors: D. Cherney, E. Repetto, D. Wheeler, S. Arnold, S. MacLachlan, P. Hunt, H. Chen, J. Vora, M. Kosiborod

2014

Impact of body mass index on prevalence of multimorbidity in primary care: cohort study

10.1093/fampra/cmt061

Authors: H. Booth, A. Prevost, M. Gulliford

2019

Impact of bleeding complications on length of stay and critical care utilization in cardiac surgery patients in England

10.1186/s13019-019-0881-3

Authors: N. Al-Attar, S. Johnston, N. Jamous, S. Mistry, E. Ghosh, G. Gangoli, W. Danker, K. Etter, E. Ammann

2021

Impact of Barrett oesophagus diagnoses and endoscopies on oesophageal cancer survival in the UK: A cohort study

10.1002/cam4.4484

Authors: J. Offman, F. Pesola, R. Fitzgerald, W. Hamilton, P. Sasieni

2019

Impact of atrial fibrillation awareness campaigns: interrupted time series using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.2217/fca-2019-0025

Authors: V. Allan, C. Sammon, L. McDonald, F. Mehmud, R. Alikhan, S. Ramagopalan

2020

Impact of a pay-for-performance scheme for long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) advice on contraceptive uptake and abortion in British primary care: An interrupted time series study

10.1371/journal.pmed.1003333

Authors: R. Ma, E. Cecil, A. Bottle, R. French, S. Saxena

2014

Impact and cost-effectiveness of a universal strategy to promote physical activity in primary care: population-based cohort study and Markov model

10.1007/s10198-013-0477-0

Authors: M. Gulliford, J. Charlton, N. Bhattarai, C. Charlton, C. Rudisill

2008

Immunosuppressant medications and mortality in inflammatory bowel disease

10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.01836.x

Authors: J. Lewis, J. Gelfand, A. Troxel, K. Forde, C. Newcomb, H. Kim, D. Margolis, B. Strom

2014

Immortal time bias in observational studies of drug effects in pregnancy

10.1002/bdra.23271

Authors: I. Matok, L. Azoulay, H. Yin, S. Suissa

2022

Immortal time bias for life-long conditions in retrospective observational studies using electronic health records

10.1186/s12874-022-01581-1

Authors: F. Tyrer, K. Bhaskaran, M. Rutherford

2023

Imminent fall risk after fracture

10.1093/ageing/afad201

Authors: M. Schene, C. Wyers, A. Driessen, P. Souverein, M. Gemmeke, J. van den Bergh, H. Willems

2018

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the British population with obesity

10.1007/s00701-018-3772-9

Authors: M. Ardissino, O. Moussa, A. Tang, E. Muttoni, P. Ziprin, S. Purkayastha

2018

Identifying unmet clinical need in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using national electronic health records

10.1371/journal.pone.0191214

Authors: M. Pujades-Rodriguez, O. Guttmann, A. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, B. Duyx, C. O\textquoterightMahony, P. Elliott, H. Hemingway

2019

Identifying undetected dementia in UK primary care patients: a retrospective case-control study comparing machine-learning and standard epidemiological approaches

10.1186/s12911-019-0991-9

Authors: E. Ford, P. Rooney, S. Oliver, R. Hoile, P. Hurley, S. Banerjee, H. van Marwijk, J. Cassell

2023

Identifying subtypes of heart failure from three electronic health record sources with machine learning: an external, prognostic, and genetic validation study

10.1016/s2589-7500(23)00065-1

Authors: A. Banerjee, A. Dashtban, S. Chen, L. Pasea, J. Thygesen, G. Fatemifar, B. Tyl, T. Dyszynski, F. Asselbergs, L. Lund, T. Lumbers, S. Denaxas, H. Hemingway

2023

Identifying subtypes of chronic kidney disease with machine learning: development, internal validation and prognostic validation using linked electronic health records in 350,067 individuals

10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104489

Authors: A. Dashtban, M. Mizani, L. Pasea, S. Denaxas, R. Corbett, J. Mamza, H. Gao, T. Morris, H. Hemingway, A. Banerjee

2017

Identifying social factors amongst older individuals in linked electronic health records: An assessment in a population based study

10.1371/journal.pone.0189038

Authors: A. Jain, A. van Hoek, J. Walker, R. Mathur, L. Smeeth, S. Thomas

2019

Identifying routine clinical predictors of non-adherence to second line therapies in Type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort analysis in a large primary care database

10.1111/dom.13865

Authors: B. Shields, A. Hattersley, A. Farmer

2017

Identifying rare diseases using electronic medical records: the example of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

10.1002/pds.4204

Authors: A. Maguire, M. Johnson, D. Denning, G. Ferreira, A. Cassidy

2024

Identifying prior signals of bipolar disorder using primary care electronic health records: a nested case-control study

10.3399/bjgp.2022.0286

Authors: C. Morgan, D. Ashcroft, C. Chew-Graham, M. Sperrin, R. Webb, A. Francis, J. Scott, A. Yung

2017

Identifying patients with lupus nephritis in the united kingdom (UK) clinical practice research datalink (CPRD)

Authors: L. McDonald, S. Ramagopalan, L. Burns, R. Postema

2022

Identifying Patients with Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease in UK Primary Care: A Case-Control Study and Prediction Model

10.3390/jpm12081290

Authors: W. Evans, R. Akyea, S. Weng, J. Kai, N. Qureshi

2010

Identifying major congenital malformations in the UK General Practice Research Database (GPRD): a study reporting on the sensitivity and added value of photocopied medical records and free text in the GPRD

10.2165/11536820-000000000-00000

Authors: R. Charlton, J. Weil, M. Cunnington, C. de Vries

2019

Identifying clinically important COPD sub-types using data-driven approaches in primary care population based electronic health records

10.1186/s12911-019-0805-0

Authors: M. Pikoula, J. Quint, F. Nissen, H. Hemingway, L. Smeeth, S. Denaxas

2017

Identifying clinical features in primary care electronic health record studies: methods for codelist development

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019637

Authors: J. Watson, B. Nicholson, W. Hamilton, S. Price

2019

Identifying cerebral palsy from routinely-collected data in England and Wales

10.2147/clep.s200748

Authors: B. Carter, Verity Bennett, J. Bethel, H. Jones, T. Wang, A. Kemp

2022

Identifying and visualising multimorbidity and comorbidity patterns in patients in the English National Health Service: a population-based study

10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00187-x

Authors: V. Kuan, S. Denaxas, P. Patalay, D. Nitsch, R. Mathur, A. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, R. Sofat, L. Partridge, A. Roberts, I. Wong, M. Hingorani, N. Chaturvedi, H. Hemingway, A. Hingorani

2021

Identifying and evaluating clinical subtypes of Alzheimer\textquoterights disease in care electronic health records using unsupervised machine learning

10.1186/s12911-021-01693-6

Authors: N. Alexander, D. Alexander, F. Barkhof, S. Denaxas

2022

Identifying adverse childhood experiences with electronic health records of linked mothers and children in England: a multistage development and validation study

10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00061-9

Authors: S. Syed, A. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, J. Allister, G. Feder, L. Li, R. Gilbert

2021

Identifying adults at high-risk for change in weight and BMI in England: a longitudinal, large-scale, population-based cohort study using electronic health records

10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00207-2

Authors: M. Katsoulis, A. Lai, K. Diaz-Ordaz, M. Gomes, L. Pasea, A. Banerjee, S. Denaxas, K. Tsilidis, P. Lagiou, G. Misirli, K. Bhaskaran, G. Wannamethee, R. Dobson, R. Batterham, D. Kipourou, R. Lumbers, L. Wen, N. Wareham, C. Langenberg, H. Hemingway

2024

Identification of misclassified pregnancy episodes in women of childbearing potential exposed to drugs with known teratogenic potential in the CPRD GOLD Pregnancy Register

10.1002/pds.5761

Authors: C. Lee, S. Rizzi, A. Bierrenbach, L. Antunes, N. Nissinen, O. Rocha, J. Campbell, C. Minassian, S. Hodgson, A. Broe

2019

Identification of mental health and quality of life outcomes in primary care databases in the UK: a systematic review

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029227

Authors: H. Carreira, R. Williams, H. Strongman, K. Bhaskaran

2016

Identification of incident poisoning, fracture and burn events using linked primary care, secondary care and mortality data from England: implications for research and surveillance

10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041561

Authors: R. Baker, L. Tata, D. Kendrick, E. Orton

2016

Identification of impaired fasting glucose, healthcare utilization and progression to diabetes in the UK using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)

10.1002/pds.4007

Authors: J. Hong, A. McNeill, J. He, Y. Chen, K. Brodovicz

2011

Identification of esophageal cancer in the General Practice Research Database

10.1002/pds.2249

Authors: A. Walker

2015

Identification of antithrombotic drugs related to total joint replacement using anonymised free-text notes: a search strategy in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009017

Authors: J. Nielen, B. van den Bemt, A. Boonen, P. Dagnelie, P. Emans, N. Veldhorst, A. Lalmohamed, T. van Staa, F. de Vries

2021

Identification and Validation of Major Cardiovascular Events in the United Kingdom Data Sources Included in a Multi-database Post-authorization Safety Study of Prucalopride

10.1007/s40264-021-01044-4

Authors: A. Ruigomez, E. Plana, A. Gilsenan, J. Fortuny, M. Cainzos-Achirica, R. Flynn, T. MacDonald, L. Garcia-Rodriguez, R. Ziemiecki, E. Andrews

2015

Hypoglycemia and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in insulin-treated people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a cohort study

10.2337/dc14-0920

Authors: K. Khunti, M. Davies, A. Majeed, B. Thorsted, M. Wolden, S. Paul

2017

Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy and the Risk of Subsequent Cardiovascular Disease

10.1111/ppe.12388

Authors: S. Grandi, K. Vallee-Pouliot, P. Reynier, M. Eberg, R. Platt, R. Arel, O. Basso, K. Filion

2017

Hyperlipidaemia and incident osteoarthritis of the hand: a population-based case-control study

10.1016/j.joca.2017.01.014

Authors: N. Frey, T. Hugle, S. Jick, C. Meier, J. Spoendlin

2000

Hyperemesis Gravidarum and the Sex of the Offspring

Authors: del Melero-Montes, H. Jick

2017

How to compare instrumental variable and conventional regression analyses using negative controls and bias plots

10.1093/ije/dyx014

Authors: N. Davies, K. Thomas, A. Taylor, G. Taylor, R. Martin, M. Munafo, F. Windmeijer

2014

How many people inject insulin? UK estimates from 1991 to 2010

10.1111/dom.12260

Authors: S. Holden, E. Gale, S. Jenkins-Jones, C. Currie