Bibliography

Research using CPRD data has informed drug safety guidance and clinical practice and resulted in over 3,500 peer-reviewed publications. The CPRD bibliography listed below is updated on a monthly basis (last updated 8 May 2024).

If you have published papers using CPRD data which are not included in this list, please contact us at enquiries@cprd.com so that we can update the bibliography.

Download: CPRD bibliography PDF March 2024 (PDF, 4.2MB, 313 pages) 

This work uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. CPRD encourages researchers to use this citation in all publications using CPRD data. Find out more about acknowledging the use of patient data at the Understanding Patient Data website

Page last reviewed
Year Title Sort ascending
2023

Evaluating the Performance of High-Dimensional Propensity Scores Compared with Standard Propensity Scores for Comparing Antihypertensive Therapies in the CPRD GOLD Database

10.1007/s40119-023-00316-7

Authors: V. Simon, J. Vadel

2020

Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Additional Risk Minimization Measure to Reduce the Risk of Prescribing Mirabegron to Patients with Severe Uncontrolled Hypertension in Four European Countries

10.2147/clep.s242065

Authors: E. Heintjes, I. Bezemer, D. Prieto-Alhambra, E. Smits, H. Booth, D. Dedman, Y. He, F. Hoti, M. Vehkala, S. de Vogel, N. Robinson, K. Appenteng, F. van Beest

2024

Evaluating the comparability of osteoporosis treatments using propensity score and negative control outcome methods in UK and Denmark electronic health record databases

10.1093/jbmr/zjae059

Authors: E. Tan, T. Rathod-Mistry, V . Y. Strauss, J. O'Kelly, F. Giorgianni, R. Baxter, V. Brunetti, A. Pedersen, V. Ehrenstein, D. Prieto-Alhambra

2014

Evaluating pancreatitis in primary care: a population-based cohort study

10.3399/bjgp14X679732

Authors: N. Hazra, M. Gulliford

2023

Evaluating Ethnic Variations in the Risk of Infections in People With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: A Matched Cohort Study

10.2337/dc22-2394

Authors: I. Carey, J. Critchley, U. Chaudhry, S. DeWilde, E. Limb, D. Cook, P. Whincup, T. Harris

2008

Evaluating drug toxicity signals: is a hierarchical classification of evidence useful or a hindrance?

10.1002/pds.1568

Authors: T. van Staa, L. Smeeth, I. Persson, J. Parkinson, H. Leufkens

2021

Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004

Authors: C. Cabrera, C. Quelen, M. Ouwens, K. Hedman, U. Rigney, J. Quint

2017

European real world data sources to characterise flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A review

Authors: J. Langham, S. Langham

2002

Etiology and frequency of rhabdomyolysis

Authors: C. Black, H. Jick

2021

Ethnicity-specific BMI cutoffs for obesity based on type 2 diabetes risk in England: a population-based cohort study

10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00088-7

Authors: R. Caleyachetty, T. Barber, N. Mohammed, F. Cappuccio, R. Hardy, R. Mathur, A. Banerjee, P. Gill

2019

Ethnicity and risk of diagnosed dementia after stroke: a cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1136/jech-2019-212825

Authors: S. Shiekh, H. Forbes, R. Mathur, L. Smeeth, N. Pearce, C. Warren-Gash

2021

Ethnic, social and multimorbidity disparities in therapeutic inertia: a UK primary care observational study in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes

10.1111/dom.14482

Authors: Y. Chudasama, F. Zaccardi, B. Coles, C. Gillies, C. Hvid, S. Seidu, M. Davies, K. Khunti

2023

Ethnic inequities in the patterns of personalized care adjustments for 'informed dissent' and 'patient unsuitable': a retrospective study using Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1093/pubmed/fdad104

Authors: B. Hayanga, M. Stafford, M. Ashworth, J. Hughes, L. Bécares

2023

Ethnic inequalities in age-related patterns of multiple long-term conditions in England: Analysis of primary care and nationally representative survey data

10.1111/1467-9566.13724

Authors: B. Hayanga, M. Stafford, C. Saunders, L. Bécares

2022

Ethnic disparities in mortality among overweight or obese adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study

10.1007/s40618-021-01736-9

Authors: B. Iyen, Y. Vinogradova, R. Akyea, S. Weng, N. Qureshi, J. Kai

2020

Ethnic disparities in initiation and intensification of diabetes treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes in the UK, 1990-2017: A cohort study

10.1371/journal.pmed.1003106

Authors: R. Mathur, R. Farmer, S. Eastwood, N. Chaturvedi, I. Douglas, L. Smeeth

2020

Ethnic differences in the severity and clinical management of type 2 diabetes at time of diagnosis: A cohort study in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108006

Authors: R. Mathur, L. Palla, R. Farmer, N. Chaturvedi, L. Smeeth

2021

Ethnic differences in the incidence of clinically diagnosed influenza: an England population-based cohort study 2008-2018

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16620.3

Authors: J. Davidson, A. Banerjee, R. Mathur, M. Ramsay, L. Smeeth, J. Walker, H. McDonald, C. Warren-Gash

2023

Ethnic differences in hypertension management, medication use and blood pressure control in UK primary care, 2006-2019: a retrospective cohort study

10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100557

Authors: S. Eastwood, A. Hughes, L. Tomlinson, R. Mathur, L. Smeeth, K. Bhaskaran, N. Chaturvedi

2023

Ethnic differences in early onset multimorbidity and associations with health service use, long-term prescribing, years of life lost, and mortality: A cross-sectional study using clustering in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1371/journal.pmed.1004300

Authors: F. Eto, M. Samuel, R. Henkin, M. Mahesh, T. Ahmad, A. Angdembe, Hamish McAllister-Williams, P. Missier, Reynolds N, Barnes M, S. Hull, S. Finer, R. Mathur

2024

Ethnic differences in depression and anxiety among adults with atopic eczema: Population-based matched cohort studies within UK primary care

10.1002/clt2.12348

Authors: E. Adesanya, A. Henderson, J. Hayes, A. Lewin, R. Mathur, A. Mulick, C. Morton, C. Smith, S. Langan, K. Mansfield

2022

Ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in initiation of second-line antidiabetic treatment in people with type 2 diabetes in England: a cross-sectional study

10.1111/dom.14874

Authors: P. Bidulka, R. Mathur, D. Lugo-Palacios, S. O'Neill, A. Basu, R. Silverwood, P. Charlton, A. Briggs, L. Smeeth, A. Adler, I. Douglas, K. Khunti, R. Grieve

2016

Ethnic and geographic variations in the epidemiology of childhood fractures in the United Kingdom

10.1016/j.bone.2016.01.015

Authors: R. Moon, N. Harvey, E. Curtis, F. de Vries, T. Van Staa, C. Cooper

2007

Estrogen affects post-menopausal women differently than estrogen plus progestin replacement therapy

10.1093/humrep/dem031

Authors: R. Tannen, M. Weiner, D. Xie, K. Barnhart

2011

Estimation of the rate of pelvic inflammatory disease diagnoses: trends in England, 2000-2008

10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181f22f3e

Authors: C. French, G. Hughes, A. Nicholson, M. Yung, J. Ross, T. Williams, K. Soldan

2021

Estimation of the increased risk associated with recurrent events or polyvascular atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the United Kingdom

10.1177/2047487319899212

Authors: M. Danese, P. Pemberton-Ross, D. Catterick, G. Villa

2020

Estimation of the increased risk associated with recurrent events or polyvascular atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the United Kingdom

10.1177/2047487319899212

Authors: M. Danese, P. Pemberton-Ross, D. Catterick, G. Villa

2021

Estimation of Risk of Death Attributable to Acute Gastroenteritis Not Caused by Clostridioides difficile Infection Among Hospitalized Adults in England

10.2147/clep.s296516

Authors: M. Alexandridou, T. Cattaert, T. Verstraeten

2022

Estimation of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular event risk in patients with established cardiovascular disease: the updated SMART2 algorithm

10.1093/eurheartj/ehac056

Authors: S. Hageman, A. McKay, P. Ueda, L. Gunn, T. Jernberg, E. Hagström, D. Bhatt, P. Steg, K. Läll, R. Mägi, Nordbø Gynnild, H. Ellekjær, I. Saltvedt, J. Tuñón, I. Mahíllo, Á Aceña, K. Kaminski, M. Chlabicz, E. Sawicka, T. Tillman, J. McEvoy, E. Di Angelantonio, I. Graham, D. De Bacquer, K. Ray, J. Dorresteijn, F. Visseren

2019

Estimation of high-dimensional propensity scores with multiple exposure levels

10.1002/pds.4890

Authors: M. Eberg, R. Platt, P. Reynier, K. Filion

2021

Estimation of age of transition from paediatric to adult healthcare for young people with long term conditions using linked routinely collected healthcare data

10.23889/ijpds.v6i1.1685

Authors: S. Jarvis, G. Richardson, K. Flemming, L. Fraser

2015

Estimating the yield of NHS Health Checks in England: a population-based cohort study

10.1093/pubmed/fdu079

Authors: A. Forster, H. Dodhia, H. Booth, A. Dregan, F. Fuller, J. Miller, C. Burgess, L. McDermott, M. Gulliford

2019

Estimating the risk of acute kidney injury associated with use of diuretics and renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors: A population based cohort study using the clinical practice research datalink

10.1186/s12882-019-1633-2

Authors: J. Scott, T. Jones, M. Redaniel, M. May, Y. Ben-Shlomo, F. Caskey

2017

Estimating the prevalence of generalized and partial lipodystrophy: findings and challenges

10.2147/dmso.s130810

Authors: E. Chiquette, E. Oral, A. Garg, D. Araujo-Vilar, P. Dhankhar

2023

Estimating the prevalence of diagnosed Alzheimer disease in England across deprivation groups using electronic health records: a clinical practice research datalink study

10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075800

Authors: T. Leahy, A. Simpson, C. Sammon, C. Ballard, S. Gsteiger

2021

Estimating the population health burden of musculoskeletal conditions using primary care electronic health records

10.1093/rheumatology/keab109

Authors: D. Yu, G. Peat, K. Jordan, J. Bailey, D. Prieto-Alhambra, D. Robinson, V . Y. Strauss, K. Walker-Bone, A. Silman, M. Mamas, S. Blackburn, S. Dent, K. Dunn, A. Judge, J. Protheroe, R. Wilkie

2022

Estimating the incidence and key risk factors of cardiovascular disease in patients at high risk of imminent fracture using routinely collected real-world data from the UK

10.1002/jbmr.4648

Authors: M. Pineda-Moncusí, L. El-Hussein, A. Delmestri, C. Cooper, M. Alireza, C. Libanati, E. Toth, D. Prieto-Alhambra, S. Khalid

2018

Estimating the health-care costs of children born to pregnant smokers in England: cohort study using primary and secondary health-care data

10.1111/add.14183

Authors: L. Vaz, M. Jones, L. Szatkowski, L. Tata, S. Petrou, T. Coleman

2011

Estimating the effect of nasal steroid treatment on repeat polypectomies: survival time analysis using the General Practice Research Database

10.4193/Rhino10.004

Authors: Y. Punekar, A. Ahmad, H. Saleh

2016

Estimating the economic burden of cardiovascular events in patients receiving lipid-modifying therapy in the UK

10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011805

Authors: M. Danese, M. Gleeson, L. Kutikova, R. Griffiths, A. Azough, K. Khunti, S. Seshasai, K. Ray

2015

Estimating the diagnostic accuracy of rheumatoid factor in UK primary care: a study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink

10.1093/rheumatology/kev131

Authors: A. Miller, A. Nightingale, C. Sammon, K. Mahtani, T. Holt, N. McHugh, R. Luqmani

2023

Estimating the cost and epidemiology of mild to severe chronic pain associated with osteoarthritis in England: a retrospective analysis of linked primary and secondary care data

10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073096

Authors: C. Lohan, G. Coates, P. Clewes, H. Stevenson, R. Wood, T. Tritton, L. Massey, R. Knaggs, A. Dickson, D. Walsh

2012

Estimating the clinical impact of introducing paediatric influenza vaccination in England and Wales

10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.106

Authors: R. Pitman, L. White, M. Sculpher

2017

Estimating the Burden of Medically Attended Norovirus Gastroenteritis: Modeling Linked Primary Care and Hospitalization Datasets

10.1093/infdis/jix410

Authors: T. Verstraeten, T. Cattaert, J. Harris, B. Lopman, C. Tam, G. Ferreira

2023

Estimating individualized treatment rules in longitudinal studies with covariate-driven observation times

10.1177/09622802231158733

Authors: J. Coulombe, E. Moodie, S. Shortreed, C. Renoux

2018

Estimating individualized optimal combination therapies through outcome weighted deep learning algorithms

10.1002/sim.7902

Authors: M. Liang, T. Ye, H. Fu

2022

Estimating individual lifetime risk of incident cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes: an update and geographical calibration of the DIAbetes Lifetime perspective model (DIAL2)

10.1093/eurjpc/zwac232

Authors: DIAL2 group

2024

Estimating excess mortality and economic burden of Clostridioides difficile infections and recurrences during 2015-2019: The RECUR England study

10.1016/j.ijid.2024.02.010

Authors: S. Ghosh, A. Antunes, H. Rinta-Kokko, E. Chaparova, S. Lay-Flurrie, A. Tricotel, F. Andersson

2020

Estimating excess 1-year mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic according to underlying conditions and age: a population-based cohort study

10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30854-0

Authors: A. Banerjee, L. Pasea, S. Harris, A. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A. Torralbo, L. Shallcross, M. Noursadeghi, D. Pillay, N. Sebire, C. Holmes, C. Pagel, W. Wong, C. Langenberg, B. Williams, S. Denaxas, H. Hemingway

2020

Estimated impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer services and excess 1-year mortality in people with cancer and multimorbidity: near real-time data on cancer care, cancer deaths and a population-based cohort study

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043828

Authors: A. Lai, L. Pasea, A. Banerjee, G. Hall, S. Denaxas, W. Chang, M. Katsoulis, B. Williams, D. Pillay, M. Noursadeghi, D. Linch, D. Hughes, M. Forster, C. Turnbull, N. Fitzpatrick, K. Boyd, G. Foster, T. Enver, V. Nafilyan, B. Humberstone, R. Neal, M. Cooper, M. Jones, K. Pritchard-Jones, R. Sullivan, C. Davie, M. Lawler, H. Hemingway